Which type of electrical component uses inductance as a primary function?

The transformer is a key component that relies primarily on inductance to operate. It functions by transferring electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. A transformer typically consists of two coils of wire, known as the primary and secondary windings, that are wrapped around a magnetic core. When an alternating current (AC) flows through the primary winding, it generates a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding based on the principles of inductance. This ability to change voltage levels while providing isolation between the input and output circuits is essential in power distribution and electrical applications.

In contrast, the other components mentioned do not primarily utilize inductance for their operation. Capacitors store energy in an electric field, diodes control the flow of current in one direction, and resistors limit the flow of electric current, all of which are based on different electrical principles distinct from the function of inductance.